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SIP expressions

August 20, 2024
Contributed by: 
C C S

The Citrix ADC Advanced policy expressions language contains a number of expressions that operate on Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) connections. These expressions are intended to be used in policies for any supported protocol that operates on a request/response basis. These expressions can be used in content switching, rate limiting, responder, and rewrite policies.

Certain limitations apply to SIP expressions used with responder policies. Only the DROP, NOOP or RESPONDWITH actions are allowed on a SIP load balancing virtual server. Responder policies can be bound to a load balancing virtual server, an override global bind point, a default global bind point, or a sip_udp policy label.

The header format used by the SIP protocol is similar to that used by the HTTP protocol, so many of the new expressions look and function much like their HTTP analogs. Each SIP header consists of a line that includes the SIP method, the URL, and the version, followed by a series of name-value pairs that look like HTTP headers.

Following is a sample SIP header that is referred to in the expressions tables beneath it:

INVITE sip:16@www.sip.com:5060;transport=udp SIP/2.0
Record-Route: <sip:200.200.100.22;lr=on>
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 200.200.100.22;branch=z9hG4bK444b.c8e103d1.0;rport=5060;
    received=10.102.84.18
Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;
    received=10.102.84.160
From: "12" <sip:12@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185
To: "16" <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185
Call-ID: 00127f54-ec850017-0e46f5b9-5ec149c2@10.102.84.180
Max-Forwards: 69CSeq: 101 INVITE
User-Agent: Cisco-CP7940G/8.0
Contact: <sip:12@10.102.84.180:5060;transport=udp>
Expires: 180
Accept: application/sdp
Allow: ACK,BYE,CANCEL,INVITE,NOTIFY,OPTIONS,REFER,REGISTER,UPDATE
Supported: replaces,join,norefersub
Content-Length: 277
Content-Type: application/sdp
Content-Disposition: session;handling=optiona
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SIP reference tables

The following tables contain lists of expressions that operate on SIP headers. The first table contains expressions that apply to request headers. Most response-based expressions are nearly the same as the corresponding request-based expressions. To create a response expression from the corresponding request expression, you change the first two sections of the expression from SIP.REQ to SIP.RES, and make other obvious adjustments. The second table contains those response expressions that are unique to responses and have no request equivalents. You can use any element in the following tables as a complete expression on its own, or you can use various operators to combine these expression elements with others to form more complex expressions.

SIP request expressions

Expression Description
SIP.REQ.METHOD Operates on the method of the SIP request. The supported SIP request methods are ACK, BYE, CANCEL, INFO, INVITE, MESSAGE, NOTIFY, OPTIONS, PRACK, PUBLISH, REFER, REGISTER, SUBSCRIBE, and UPDATE. This expression is a derivative of the text class, so all operations that are applicable to text are applicable to this method. For example, for a SIP request of INVITE sip:16@10.102.84.181:5060;transport=udp SIP/2.0, this expression returns INVITE.
SIP.REQ.URL Operates on the SIP request URL. This expression is a derivative of the text class, so all operations that are applicable to text are applicable to this method. For example, for a SIP request of INVITE sip:16@10.102.84.181:5060;transport=udp SIP/2.0, this expression returnssip:16@10.102.84.181:5060;transport=udp.
SIP.REQ.URL.PROTOCOL Returns the URL protocol. For example, for a SIP URL ofsip:16@www.sip.com:5060;transport=udp, this expression returns sip.
SIP.REQ.URL.HOSTNAME Returns the hostname portion of the SIP URL. For example, for a SIP URL ofsip:16@www.sip.com:5060;transport=udp, this expression returns www.sip.com:5060.
SIP.REQ.URL.HOSTNAME.PORT Returns the port portion of the SIP URL hostname. If no port is specified, this expression returns the default SIP port, 5060. For example, for a SIP hostname of www.sip.com:5060, this expression returns 5060.
SIP.REQ.URL.HOSTNAME.DOMAIN Returns the domain name portion of the SIP URL hostname. If the host is an IP address, then this expression returns an incorrect result. For example, for a SIP hostname of www.sip.com:5060, this expression returns sip.com. For a SIP hostname of 192.168.43.15:5060, this expression returns an error.
SIP.REQ.URL.HOSTNAME.SERVER Returns the server portion of the host. For example, for a SIP hostname of www.sip.com:5060, this expression returns www.
SIP.REQ.URL.USERNAME Returns the username that precedes the @ character. For example, for a SIP URL of sip:16@www.sip.com:5060;transport=udp, this expression returns 16.
SIP.REQ.VERSION Returns the SIP version number in the request. For example, for a SIP request of INVITE sip:16@10.102.84.181:5060;transport=udp SIP/2.0, this expression returns SIP/2.0.
SIP.REQ.VERSION.MAJOR Returns the major version number (the number to the left of the period). For example, for a SIP version number of SIP/2.0, this expression returns 2.
SIP.REQ.VERSION.MINOR Returns the minor version number (the number to the right of the period). For example, for a SIP version number of SIP/2.0, this expression returns 0.
SIP.REQ.CONTENT_LENGTH Returns the contents of the Content-Length header. This expression is a derivative of thesip_header_t class, so all operations that are available for SIP headers can be used. For example, for a SIP Content-Length header of Content-Length: 277, this expression returns 277.
SIP.REQ.TO Returns the contents of the To header. For example, for a SIP To header of To: “16” <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns ”16” <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185.
SIP.REQ.TO.ADDRESS Returns the SIP URI, which is found in the sip_url object. All operations that are available for SIP URIs can be used. For example, for a SIP To header of To: “16” <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns sip:16@sip_example.com.
SIP.REQ.TO.DISPLAY_NAME Returns the display name portion of the To header. For example, for a SIP To header of To: “16” <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns 16.
SIP.REQ.TO.TAG Returns the “tag” vale from the “tag” name value pair in the TO header. For example, for a SIP To header of To: “16” <sip:16@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns 00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185.
SIP.REQ.FROM Returns the contents of the From header. For example, for a SIP From header of From: “12” <sip:12@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns sip:12@sip_example.com.
SIP.REQ.FROM.ADDRESS Returns the SIP URI, which is found in the sip_url object. All operations that are available for SIP URIs can be used. For example, for a SIP From header of From: “12” <sip:12@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns sip:12@sip_example.com.
SIP.REQ.FROM.DISPLAY_NAME Returns the display name portion of the To header. For example, for a SIP From header of From: “12” <sip:12@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns 12.
SIP.REQ.FROM.TAG Returns the “tag” value from the “tag” name/value pair in the TO header. For example, for a SIP From header of From: “12” <sip:12@sip_example.com>;tag=00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185, this expression returns 00127f54ec85a6d90cc14f45-53cc0185.
SIP.REQ.VIA Returns the complete Via header. If there are multiple Via headers in the request, returns the last Via header. For example, for the two Via headers in the sample SIP header, this expression returns Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160.
SIP.REQ.VIA.SENTBY_ADDRESS Returns the address that sent the request. For example, for the Via header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, this expression returns 10.102.84.180.
SIP.REQ.VIA.SENTBY_PORT Returns the port that sent the request. For example, for the Via header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, this expression returns 5060.
SIP.REQ.VIA.RPORT Returns the value from the rport name/value pair. For example, for the Via header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, this expression returns 5060.
SIP.REQ.VIA.BRANCH Returns the value from the branch name/value pair. For example, for the Via header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, this expression returns z9hG4bK03e76d0b.
SIP.REQ.VIA.RECEIVED Returns the value from the received name/value pair. For example, for the Via header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, this expression returns 10.102.84.160.
SIP.REQ.CALLID Returns the contents of the Callid header. This expression is a derivative of the sip_header_t class, so all operations that are available for SIP headers can be used. For example, for a SIP Callid header ofCall-ID: 00127f54-ec850017-0e46f5b9-5ec149c2@10.102.84.180, this expression returns00127f54-ec850017-0e46f5b9-5ec149c2@10.102.84.180.
SIP.REQ.CSEQ Returns the CSEQ number from the CSEQ, as an integer. For example, for a SIP CSEQ header of CSeq: 101 INVITE, this expression returns 101.
SIP.REQ.HEADER() Returns the specified SIP header. For , substitute the name of the header that you want. For example, to return the SIP From header, you would type SIP.REQ.HEADER("From").
SIP.REQ.HEADER().INSTANCE() Returns the specified instance of the specified SIP header. Multiple instances of the same SIP header can occur. Where you want a specific instance of such a SIP header (for example, a specific Via header), you can specify that header by typing a number as the . Header instances are matched from last (0) to first. In other words, SIP.REQ.HEADER("Via").INSTANCE(0) returns the last instance of the Via header, while SIP.REQ.HEADER("Via").INSTANCE(1) returns the last instance but one of the Via header, and so on. For example, if used on the example SIP header, SIP.REQ.HEADER("Via").INSTANCE(1) returnsVia: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().VALUE() Returns the contents of the specified instance of the specified SIP header. The usage is nearly the same as the previous expression. For example, if used on the SIP header example in the preceding table entry, SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).VALUE(1) returns SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().COUNT Returns the number of instances of a particular header as an integer. For example, if used on the SIP header example above, SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).COUNT returns 2.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().EXISTS Returns a boolean value of true or false, depending upon whether the specified header exists or not. For example, if used on the SIP header example above, SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Expires”).EXISTSreturns true, while SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Caller-ID”).EXISTS returns false.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().LIST Returns the comma-separated parameter list in the specified header. For example, if used on the SIP header example above, SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Allow”).LIST returns ACK,BYE,CANCEL,INVITE,NOTIFY,OPTIONS,REFER,REGISTER,UPDATE. You can append the string .GET() to select a specific list item. For example, to get the first item (ACK) from the above list, you would type SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Allow”).LIST.GET(0). To extract the second item (BYE), you would type SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Allow”).LIST.GET(1). Note: If the specified header contains a list of name/value pairs, the entire name/value pair is returned.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().TYPECAST_SIP_HEADER_T("") Typecasts  to . Any text can be typecasted to thesip_header_t class, after which all header-based operations can be used. After you perform this operation, you can apply all operations that can be used with . For example, the expression SIP.REQ.CONTENT_LENGTH.TYPECAST_SIP_HEADER_T typecasts all instances of the Content-Length header. After you perform this operation, you can apply all header operations to all instances of the specified header.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().CONTAINS(). Returns boolean true if the specified text string is present in any instance of the specified header. Operates on all the instances of the specified header. Header instances are matched from last (0) to first.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().EQUALS_ANY() Returns boolean true if any pattern associated with  matches any content in any instance of the specified header. Operates on all the instances of the specified header. Header instances are matched from last (0) to first.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().CONTAINS_ANY() Returns Boolean true if any pattern associated with  matches any content in any instance of the specified header. Operates on all the instances of the specified header. Header instances are matched from last (0) to first.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().CONTAINS_INDEX() Returns the index of the matching pattern associated with  if that pattern matches any content in any instance of the specified header. Operates on all the instances of the specified header. Header instances are matched from last (0) to first.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().EQUALS_INDEX() Returns the index of the matching pattern associated with if that pattern matches any instance of the specified header. Operates on all the instances of the specified header. Header instances are matched from last (0) to first.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().SUBSTR() If the specified string is present in any instance of the specified header, this expression returns that string. For example, for the SIP header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160”,SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).SUBSTR(“rport=5060”) returns “rport=5060”.SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).SUBSTR(“rport=5061”) returns an empty string.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().AFTER_STR() If the specified string is present in any instance of the specified header, this expression returns the string immediately after that string. For example, for the SIP header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, the expression SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).AFTER_STR(“rport=”) returns 5060.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().REGEX_MATCH() Returns boolean true if the specified regular expression (regex) matches any instance of the specified header. You must specify the regular expression in the following format: reregular expression. The regular expression cannot be larger than 1499 characters in length. It must conform to the PCRE regular expression library. See http://www.pcre.org/pcre.txt for documentation on PCRE regular expression syntax. The pcrepattern man page also has useful information on specifying patterns by using PCRE regular expressions. The regular expression syntax supported in this expression has some differences from PCRE. Back references are not allowed. You should avoid recursive regular expressions; although some work, many do not. The dot (.) metacharacter matches newlines. Unicode is not supported.SET_TEXT_MODE(IGNORECASE) overrides the (?i) internal option specified in the regular expression.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().REGEX_SELECT() If the specified regex matches any text in any instance of the specified header, this expression returns the text. For example, for the SIP header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, the expression SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).REGEX_SELECT(“received=[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}”) returns received=10.102.84.160.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().AFTER_REGEX() If the specified regex matches any text in any instance of the specified header, this expression returns the string immediately after that text. For example, for the SIP header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, the expression SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).AFTER_REGEX(“received=”) returns10.102.84.160.
SIP.REQ.HEADER().BEFORE_REGEX() If the specified regex matches any text in any instance of the specified header, this expression returns the string immediately before that text. For example, for the SIP header Via: SIP/2.0/UDP 10.102.84.180:5060;branch=z9hG4bK03e76d0b;rport=5060;received=10.102.84.160, the expression SIP.REQ.HEADER(“Via”).BEFORE_REGEX(“[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}.[0-9]{1,3}”) returns received=.
SIP.REQ.FULL_HEADER Returns the entire SIP header, including the terminating CR/LF.
SIP.REQ.IS_VALID Returns boolean true if the request format is valid.
SIP.REQ.BODY() Returns the request body, up to the specified length. If the specified length is greater than the length of the request body, this expression returns the entire request body.
SIP.REQ.LB_VSERVER Returns the name of the load balancing virtual server (LB vserver) that is serving the current request.
SIP.REQ.CS_VSERVER Returns the name of the content switching virtual server (CS vserver) that is serving the current request.

SIP response expressions

Expression Description
SIP.RES.STATUS Returns the SIP response status code. For example, if the first line of the response is SIP/2.0 100 Trying, this expression returns 100.
SIP.RES.STATUS_MSG Returns the SIP response status message. For example, if the first line of the response is SIP/2.0 100 Trying, this expression returns Trying.
SIP.RES.IS_REDIRECT Returns boolean true if the response code is a redirect.
SIP.RES.METHOD Returns the response method extracted from the request method string in the CSeq header.
SIP expressions
August 20, 2024
Contributed by: 
C C S
August 20, 2024
Contributed by: 
C C S

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