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Getting Started with NetScaler
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Deploy a NetScaler VPX instance
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Optimize NetScaler VPX performance on VMware ESX, Linux KVM, and Citrix Hypervisors
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Apply NetScaler VPX configurations at the first boot of the NetScaler appliance in cloud
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Configure simultaneous multithreading for NetScaler VPX on public clouds
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Install a NetScaler VPX instance on Microsoft Hyper-V servers
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Install a NetScaler VPX instance on Linux-KVM platform
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Prerequisites for installing NetScaler VPX virtual appliances on Linux-KVM platform
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Provisioning the NetScaler virtual appliance by using OpenStack
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Provisioning the NetScaler virtual appliance by using the Virtual Machine Manager
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Configuring NetScaler virtual appliances to use SR-IOV network interface
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Configure a NetScaler VPX on KVM hypervisor to use Intel QAT for SSL acceleration in SR-IOV mode
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Configuring NetScaler virtual appliances to use PCI Passthrough network interface
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Provisioning the NetScaler virtual appliance by using the virsh Program
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Provisioning the NetScaler virtual appliance with SR-IOV on OpenStack
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Configuring a NetScaler VPX instance on KVM to use OVS DPDK-Based host interfaces
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Deploy a NetScaler VPX instance on AWS
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Deploy a VPX high-availability pair with elastic IP addresses across different AWS zones
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Deploy a VPX high-availability pair with private IP addresses across different AWS zones
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Protect AWS API Gateway using the NetScaler Web Application Firewall
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Configure a NetScaler VPX instance to use SR-IOV network interface
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Configure a NetScaler VPX instance to use Enhanced Networking with AWS ENA
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Deploy a NetScaler VPX instance on Microsoft Azure
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Network architecture for NetScaler VPX instances on Microsoft Azure
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Configure multiple IP addresses for a NetScaler VPX standalone instance
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Configure a high-availability setup with multiple IP addresses and NICs
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Configure a high-availability setup with multiple IP addresses and NICs by using PowerShell commands
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Deploy a NetScaler high-availability pair on Azure with ALB in the floating IP-disabled mode
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Configure a NetScaler VPX instance to use Azure accelerated networking
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Configure HA-INC nodes by using the NetScaler high availability template with Azure ILB
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Configure a high-availability setup with Azure external and internal load balancers simultaneously
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Configure a NetScaler VPX standalone instance on Azure VMware solution
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Configure a NetScaler VPX high availability setup on Azure VMware solution
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Configure address pools (IIP) for a NetScaler Gateway appliance
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Deploy a NetScaler VPX instance on Google Cloud Platform
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Deploy a VPX high-availability pair on Google Cloud Platform
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Deploy a VPX high-availability pair with external static IP address on Google Cloud Platform
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Deploy a single NIC VPX high-availability pair with private IP address on Google Cloud Platform
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Deploy a VPX high-availability pair with private IP addresses on Google Cloud Platform
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Install a NetScaler VPX instance on Google Cloud VMware Engine
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Solutions for Telecom Service Providers
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Load Balance Control-Plane Traffic that is based on Diameter, SIP, and SMPP Protocols
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Provide Subscriber Load Distribution Using GSLB Across Core-Networks of a Telecom Service Provider
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Authentication, authorization, and auditing application traffic
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Basic components of authentication, authorization, and auditing configuration
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Web Application Firewall protection for VPN virtual servers and authentication virtual servers
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On-premises NetScaler Gateway as an identity provider to Citrix Cloud
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Authentication, authorization, and auditing configuration for commonly used protocols
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Troubleshoot authentication and authorization related issues
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Configure DNS resource records
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Configure NetScaler as a non-validating security aware stub-resolver
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Jumbo frames support for DNS to handle responses of large sizes
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Caching of EDNS0 client subnet data when the NetScaler appliance is in proxy mode
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Use case - configure the automatic DNSSEC key management feature
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Use Case - configure the automatic DNSSEC key management on GSLB deployment
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Persistence and persistent connections
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Advanced load balancing settings
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Gradually stepping up the load on a new service with virtual server–level slow start
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Protect applications on protected servers against traffic surges
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Retrieve location details from user IP address using geolocation database
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Use source IP address of the client when connecting to the server
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Use client source IP address for backend communication in a v4-v6 load balancing configuration
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Set a limit on number of requests per connection to the server
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Configure automatic state transition based on percentage health of bound services
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Use case 2: Configure rule based persistence based on a name-value pair in a TCP byte stream
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Use case 3: Configure load balancing in direct server return mode
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Use case 6: Configure load balancing in DSR mode for IPv6 networks by using the TOS field
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Use case 7: Configure load balancing in DSR mode by using IP Over IP
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Use case 10: Load balancing of intrusion detection system servers
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Use case 11: Isolating network traffic using listen policies
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Use case 12: Configure Citrix Virtual Desktops for load balancing
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Use case 13: Configure Citrix Virtual Apps and Desktops for load balancing
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Use case 14: ShareFile wizard for load balancing Citrix ShareFile
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Use case 15: Configure layer 4 load balancing on the NetScaler appliance
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Authentication and authorization for System Users
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Configuring a CloudBridge Connector Tunnel between two Datacenters
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Configuring CloudBridge Connector between Datacenter and AWS Cloud
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Configuring a CloudBridge Connector Tunnel Between a Datacenter and Azure Cloud
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Configuring CloudBridge Connector Tunnel between Datacenter and SoftLayer Enterprise Cloud
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Configuring a CloudBridge Connector Tunnel Between a NetScaler Appliance and Cisco IOS Device
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CloudBridge Connector Tunnel Diagnostics and Troubleshooting
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Network architecture for NetScaler VPX instances on Microsoft Azure
In Azure Resource Manager (ARM), a NetScaler VPX virtual machine (VM) resides in a virtual network. A single network interface can be created in a given subnet of the Virtual Network and can be attached to the VPX instance. You can filter network traffic to and from a VPX instance in an Azure virtual network with a network security group. A network security group contains security rules that allow or deny inbound network traffic to or outbound network traffic from a VPX instance. For more information, see Security groups.
Network security group filters the requests to the NetScaler VPX instance, and the VPX instance sends them to the servers. The response from a server follows the same path in reverse. The Network security group can be configured to filter a single VPX VM, or, with subnets and virtual networks, can filter traffic in deployment of multiple VPX instances.
The NIC contains network configuration details such as the virtual network, subnets, internal IP address, and Public IP address.
While on ARM, it is good to know the following IP addresses that are used to access the VMs deployed with a single NIC and a single IP address:
- Public IP (PIP) address is the internet-facing IP address configured directly on the virtual NIC of the NetScaler VM. This allows you to directly access a VM from the external network.
- NetScaler IP (also known as NSIP) address is the internal IP address configured on the VM. It is non-routable.
- Virtual IP address (VIP) is configured by using the NSIP and a port number. Clients access NetScaler services through the PIP address, and when the request reaches the NIC of the NetScaler VPX VM or the Azure load balancer, the VIP gets translated to internal IP (NSIP) and internal port number.
- Internal IP address is the private internal IP address of the VM from the virtual network’s address space pool. This IP address cannot be reached from the external network. This IP address is by default dynamic unless you set it to static. Traffic from the internet is routed to this address according to the rules created on the network security group. The network security group integrates with the NIC to selectively send the right type of traffic to the right port on the NIC, which depends on the services configured on the VM.
The following figure shows how traffic flows from a client to a server through a NetScaler VPX instance provisioned in ARM.
Traffic flow through network address translation
You can also request a public IP (PIP) address for your NetScaler VPX instance (instance level). If you use this direct PIP at the VM level, you need not define inbound and outbound rules to intercept the network traffic. The incoming request from the Internet is received on the VM directly. Azure performs network address translation (NAT) and forwards the traffic to the internal IP address of the VPX instance.
The following figure shows how Azure performs network address translation to map the NetScaler internal IP address.
In this example, the Public IP assigned to the network security group is 140.x.x.x and the internal IP address is 10.x.x.x. When the inbound and outbound rules are defined, public HTTP port 80 is defined as the port on which the client requests are received, and a corresponding private port, 10080, is defined as the port on which the NetScaler VPX instance listens. The client request is received on the Public IP address (140.x.x.x). Azure performs network address translation to map the PIP to the internal IP address 10.x.x.x on port 10080, and forwards the client request.
Note
NetScaler VPX VMs in high availability are controlled by external or internal load balancers that have inbound rules defined on them to control the load balancing traffic. The external traffic is first intercepted by these load balancers and the traffic is diverted according to the load balancing rules configured, which has back-end pools, NAT rules, and health probes defined on the load balancers.
Port usage guidelines
You can configure more inbound and outbound rules n network security group while creating the NetScaler VPX instance or after the virtual machine is provisioned. Each inbound and outbound rule is associated with a public port and a private port.
Before configuring network security group rules, note the following guidelines regarding the port numbers you can use:
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The NetScaler VPX instance reserves the following ports. You cannot define these as private ports when using the Public IP address for requests from the internet.
Ports 21, 22, 80, 443, 8080, 67, 161, 179, 500, 520, 3003, 3008, 3009, 3010, 3011, 4001, 5061, 9000, 7000.
However, if you want internet-facing services such as the VIP to use a standard port (for example, port 443) you have to create port mapping by using the network security group. The standard port is then mapped to a different port that is configured on the NetScaler for this VIP service.
For example, a VIP service might be running on port 8443 on the VPX instance but be mapped to public port 443. So, when the user accesses port 443 through the Public IP, the request is directed to private port 8443.
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Public IP address does not support protocols in which port mapping is opened dynamically, such as passive FTP or ALG.
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High availability does not work for traffic that uses a public IP address (PIP) associated with a VPX instance, instead of a PIP configured on the Azure load balancer.
Note
In Azure Resource Manager, a NetScaler VPX instance is associated with two IP addresses - a public IP address (PIP) and an internal IP address. While the external traffic connects to the PIP, the internal IP address or the NSIP is non-routable. To configure VIP in VPX, use the internal IP address and any of the free ports available. Do not use the PIP to configure VIP.
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